Two fractions are equivalent when they describe the same amount, like 1/2 and 3/6 — you get from one to the other by multiplying or dividing the numerator and the denominator by the same number. A fraction is in its simplest form when the two numbers share no common factor other than 1. The same idea lets you rewrite an improper fraction like 17/5 as the mixed number 3 2/5, and back again.
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